What is an "arm" in stability calculations?

In stability calculations, the term "arm" specifically refers to the horizontal distance from the center of gravity to the center of buoyancy. This arm is crucial in determining the moment that contributes to the stability of the vessel when it is subjected to heeling forces. The larger the arm, the greater the potential moment that can be generated to counteract the heeling.

This distance is integral in stability assessments as it helps to analyze how shifts in weight or changes in the vessel's orientation can affect overall stability. Understanding the dynamics of the arm allows for better management of cargo distribution and overall vessel operation to ensure safety at sea.

The other concepts mentioned, such as the distance from the waterline to the center of gravity, the weight of cargo aboard, and the length of the vessel's hull, do not accurately define "arm" within the context of stability, as each pertains to different aspects of naval architecture and stability analysis.