What is the effect of loading weight low down in a vessel?

Loading weight low down in a vessel has a significant impact on the stability of the ship. When weight is placed lower in the hull, it effectively lowers the center of gravity (KG) of the vessel. A lower center of gravity contributes to increased stability because it gives the ship a greater righting moment when it is heeled over due to external forces such as wind or waves.

With a higher righting moment, the vessel is more resistant to rolling, and it can return to an upright position more effectively after being tilted. This is particularly important for maintaining safety and preventing capsizing, as the forces acting on the ship are balanced in a way that keeps it steady.

In contrast, placing weight higher in the vessel would raise the center of gravity, diminishing stability and making the ship more susceptible to tipping over. Therefore, when weight is loaded low in a vessel, it promotes enhanced stability, making this the correct response.