Which term describes the distance from the centerline to the center of gravity of the vessel?

The term that describes the distance from the centerline to the center of gravity of the vessel is known as the Transverse Center of Gravity (TCG). TCG is vital in stability calculations as it helps in determining how the weight is distributed within the vessel. The position of the center of gravity affects the stability of the vessel; if the center of gravity is not aligned properly with the centerline, it can lead to a list or heel, impacting the vessel's ability to remain upright.

Understanding the TCG is crucial for ensuring the vessel's stability, as it allows naval architects and marine engineers to make informed decisions about weight distribution and loading conditions. By knowing the TCG, one can effectively analyze how changes in cargo, ballast, or fuel can impact the overall stability of the vessel.